OTHER SHADES OF COLOUR
Yellow to Orange Shades
Yellow Rubi (zard-e-laʿlī) to Red Rubi (laʿlī) - زرد لعلی و لعلی
The process of creating shades from yellow rubi (zard-e-laʿlī) to red rubi (laʿlī) is described in a recipe that essentially employs the same technique used for yellow-red (āl) and red (sorkh), utilizing safflower to obtain several shades from yellow to red and employing different terms.
Red to Purple Shades
Judas Flower Purple (arğavāni) - ارغوانی
Cercis siliquastrum L., (Leguminosae family), commonly known as the Judas tree, is a small deciduous tree native to Southern Europe and Western Asia, celebrated for its deep purple-pink flowers in spring. In Persian, it is called arğavān, and historical medical sources mention terms like akwān and arjwān. However, in historical Persian treatises, the name for the dye refers specifically to the shade of red-purple (arğavāni), likened to the color of the Judas tree flower. Two techniques in described in the recipes in double dye bath method. One is to wet the unripe grapes (ğureh) to parrot green (tutaki) paper to achieve the arğavān flower shade of color. And the second one is to dip green paper in red wood dye extract.
Blue to Green Shades
Blue (ābī) - آبی
Blue in Persian is called ābi, the term coming from water (āb) referring to the blue colour shade of water. One recipe for achieving blue shade of ābi color is described advising to dip paper in a blue indigo dye.
Ultramarine Blue (lājevardi) - لاجوردی
Another blue shade of colour similar to the colour of blue lapis (lājevardi) is described in the historical recipe. One recipe for achieving blue shade of lājevardi color is described advising to dip paper in a blue indigo dye. There is a possibility that "nileh" (نیله) is referring to the blue color of the flower of the heavenly blue morning glory (Ipomoea tricolor), and further investigation is needed.
Parrot Green (sabz-e-ṭuṭī, ṭuṭakī) - سبز طوطکی
Three techniques have been described to obtain parrot green (sabz-e-ṭuṭī, ṭuṭakī):
The first technique involves double dye bath dipping indigo paper in turmeric, followed by an acid bath with lemon.
The second technique advises dipping paper in a mixture of Persian berries (šaqar) and blue iris (susani).
The third technique recommends dyeing paper with a type of copper green, namely zangār-e massafā.
Pistachio Green (bostāqī, bostoqī, fostoqī) - بستقی، فستقی
The process of making pistachio green colour is mentioned in number of sources using different names (bostāqī, bostoqī, fostoqī) in four techniques.
Mixture of yellow and parrot green dye (ṭuṭakī)
Mixture of yellow and less concentrated parrot green dye (ṭuṭakī)
Mixture of copper green (zangar) and saffron
Mixture of saffron and blue vitriol
Onion Red (pīāzī), Ruby red (arusak) and Chickpea (noḵodī)
پیازی - عروسک - نخودی
The process of creating shades from Onion Red (pīāzī), Ruby red (arusak) and Chickpeas (noḵodī) is described in a recipe that essentially employs the technique used for obtaining dyes from yellow and red safflower extracts to create different several shades from yellow to red.
Purple (banafsh)- بنفش
In Persian, purple is called "banafsh," which perhaps derives from "banafsheh," the Persian term for the violet flower species that is purple in color. One recipe for achieving a purple shade of color is described advising to dip red safflower (āl) paper in a blue dye extracted from a climbing and twining flower to obtain purple (banafsh). The term "nileh" (نیله) is recorded in the Persian dictionary as a shade of blue color like indigo, as well as the extract of indigo (indigofera tinctorial, نیل) or woad (Isatis tinctoria, وسمه). There is a possibility that "nileh" (نیله) is referring to the blue color of the flower of the heavenly blue morning glory (Ipomoea tricolor), and further investigation is needed. For obtaining banafsh shade of colour the āl paper utilised from red safflower is dipped in this blue dye.
Peacock Green (sabz-e tāvusi), Graceful Green (sabz-e latif), China Green/Jade (chini), and Tulip Green (laleh)
سبز طاووسی - سبز چینی - سبز لاله ای
Different shade of greens are described in historical recipes to creat peacock green (sabz-e tāvusi), graceful green (sabz-e latif), China Green/Jade (chini) by mixing blue indigo and yellow safflower in different concentration. For achieving these shade of greens the recipe has provided the exact ratio of mixture.
Turquoise Blue (fīruzehʿī)- فیروزه ای
Another blue shade mentioned in historical recipes is Turquoise Blue (fīruzehʿī). One recipe for achieving blue shade of fīruzehʿī color is described advising to mix indigo with white ceruse.