Glue

Glue, a gelatinous adhesive substance sourced from animal tissue, such as hides, bones, fish, casein (milk solids), or vegetables, has a historical origin dating as far back as 3000 BCE, notably in the crafting of wooden furniture in Egypt. These animal adhesives are derived from gelatin extracted from collagen, naturally present in bovine and porcine hides. Before the advent of synthetic adhesives, animal glue held prominence as the preferred bonding agent due to its remarkable versatility and applicability across various fields. As sizing agents, animal-based adhesives and binding products are water-soluble. Persian historical recipes highlight animal glue obtained from fish as the exclusive sizing material.